Το facebook μπορεί να βοηθά τους ανθρώπους, ιδίως τους νεότερους, να
επικοινωνήσουν online, όμως παράλληλα υποσκάπτει το αίσθημα ευτυχίας και
ικανοποίησης του χρήστη από τη ζωή και τον εαυτό του, σύμφωνα με νέα
αμερικανική επιστημονική έρευνα.
Μάλιστα, όσο πιο μεγάλη χρήση του facebook κάνει κάποιος, τόσο
μεγαλύτερες φαίνεται να είναι οι αρνητικές επιπτώσεις για την ψυχολογία
του. Η νέα μελέτη έρχεται να προστεθεί σε άλλες, που τον τελευταίο καιρό
απομυθοποιούν τα κοινωνικά δίκτυα, αναδεικνύοντας πλέον και τις αρνητικές όψεις τους, πέρα από τις θετικές.Οι ερευνητές, με επικεφαλής τον κοινωνικό ψυχολόγο Ίθαν Κρος του πανεπιστημίου του Μίσιγκαν, που έκαναν τη σχετική δημοσίευση στο περιοδικό PLoS ONE, σύμφωνα με το BBC, μελέτησαν 82 νεαρούς ενήλικους χρήστες και παρακολούθησαν στενά επί δύο εβδομάδες -μέσω τακτικών ερωτηματολογίων- με ποιόν τρόπο σχετιζόταν η χρήση του κοινωνικού δικτύου με τα αισθήματα ψυχικής ικανοποίησης κάθε χρήστη.
Το κεντρικό συμπέρασμα ήταν ότι όσο περισσότερο οι νέοι χρησιμοποιούσαν το facebook, τόσο χειρότερα ένιωθαν στη συνέχεια και τόσο περισσότερο το επίπεδο ικανοποίησής τους από τη ζωή έπεφτε. Όμως, όταν οι ίδιοι άνθρωποι είχαν άμεση, πρόσωπο με πρόσωπο, επικοινωνία με τους φίλους τους ή τηλεφωνικά, δεν ανέφεραν την ίδια αρνητική επίπτωση. Αντίθετα, μετά από τις άμεσες, αντί για τις online επαφές, ανέφεραν ότι ένιωθαν καλύτερα.
«Επιφανειακά, το facebook αποτελεί ένα πολύτιμο μέσο για την ικανοποίηση της βασικής ανθρώπινης ανάγκης για κοινωνικές επαφές. Όμως, αντί να βελτιώνει το αίσθημα ψυχικής ικανοποίησης, διαπιστώσαμε ότι μάλλον φέρνει το αντίθετο αποτέλεσμα- το υποσκάπτει», δήλωσε ο Ίθαν Κρος. «Πρόκειται για ζήτημα ζωτικής σημασίας, επειδή αφορά την ουσία της επίδρασης που τα κοινωνικά δίκτυα μπορούν να έχουν στις ζωές των ανθρώπων», πρόσθεσε ο ερευνητής Τζον Τζονίδης.
Η έρευνα έδειξε επίσης ότι οι χρήστες περνούν περισσότερη ώρα στο facebook, όταν νιώθουν μοναξιά, χωρίς όμως αυτό κατ' ανάγκη να τους κάνει μετά να νιώθουν καλύτερα.
http://www.economist.com/news/science-and-technology/21583593-using-social-network-seems-make-people-more-miserable-get-life#!
Facebook is bad for you
Get a life!
Using the social network seems to make people more miserable
THOSE who have resisted the urge to join Facebook will surely
feel vindicated when they read the latest research. A study just
published by the Public Library of Science,
conducted by Ethan Kross of the University of Michigan and Philippe
Verduyn of Leuven University in Belgium, has shown that the more someone
uses Facebook, the less satisfied he is with life.
Past investigations have found that using Facebook is associated with jealousy, social tension, isolation and depression. But these studies have all been “cross-sectional”—in other words, snapshots in time. As such, they risk confusing correlation with causation: perhaps those who spend more time on social media are more prone to negative emotions in the first place. The study conducted by Dr Kross and Dr Verduyn is the first to follow Facebook users for an extended period, to track how their emotions change.
When the researchers analysed the results, they found that the more a volunteer used Facebook in the period between two questionnaires, the worse he reported feeling the next time he filled in a questionnaire. Volunteers were also asked to rate their satisfaction with life at the start and the end of the study. Those who used Facebook a lot were more likely to report a decline in satisfaction than those who visited the site infrequently. In contrast, there was a positive association between the amount of direct social contact a volunteer had and how positive he felt. In other words, the more volunteers socialised in the real world, the more positive they reported feeling the next time they filled in the questionnaire.
A volunteer’s sex had no influence on these findings; nor did the size of his (or her) social network, his stated motivation for using Facebook, his level of loneliness or depression or his self-esteem. Dr Kross and Dr Verduyn therefore conclude that, rather than enhancing well-being, Facebook undermines it.
Their study does not tease out why socialising on Facebook has a different effect from socialising in person. But an earlier investigation, conducted by social scientists at Humboldt University and Darmstadt’s Technical University, both in Germany, may have found the root cause. These researchers, who presented their findings at a conference in Leipzig in February, surveyed 584 users of Facebook aged mostly in their 20s. They found that the most common emotion aroused by using Facebook is envy. Endlessly comparing themselves with peers who have doctored their photographs, amplified their achievements and plagiarised their bons mots can leave Facebook’s users more than a little green-eyed. Real-life encounters, by contrast, are more WYSIWYG (what you see is what you get).
What neither study proves is whether all this is true only for younger users of Facebook. Older ones may be more mellow, and thus less begrudging of their friends’ successes, counterfeit or real. Maybe.
Past investigations have found that using Facebook is associated with jealousy, social tension, isolation and depression. But these studies have all been “cross-sectional”—in other words, snapshots in time. As such, they risk confusing correlation with causation: perhaps those who spend more time on social media are more prone to negative emotions in the first place. The study conducted by Dr Kross and Dr Verduyn is the first to follow Facebook users for an extended period, to track how their emotions change.
When the researchers analysed the results, they found that the more a volunteer used Facebook in the period between two questionnaires, the worse he reported feeling the next time he filled in a questionnaire. Volunteers were also asked to rate their satisfaction with life at the start and the end of the study. Those who used Facebook a lot were more likely to report a decline in satisfaction than those who visited the site infrequently. In contrast, there was a positive association between the amount of direct social contact a volunteer had and how positive he felt. In other words, the more volunteers socialised in the real world, the more positive they reported feeling the next time they filled in the questionnaire.
A volunteer’s sex had no influence on these findings; nor did the size of his (or her) social network, his stated motivation for using Facebook, his level of loneliness or depression or his self-esteem. Dr Kross and Dr Verduyn therefore conclude that, rather than enhancing well-being, Facebook undermines it.
Their study does not tease out why socialising on Facebook has a different effect from socialising in person. But an earlier investigation, conducted by social scientists at Humboldt University and Darmstadt’s Technical University, both in Germany, may have found the root cause. These researchers, who presented their findings at a conference in Leipzig in February, surveyed 584 users of Facebook aged mostly in their 20s. They found that the most common emotion aroused by using Facebook is envy. Endlessly comparing themselves with peers who have doctored their photographs, amplified their achievements and plagiarised their bons mots can leave Facebook’s users more than a little green-eyed. Real-life encounters, by contrast, are more WYSIWYG (what you see is what you get).
What neither study proves is whether all this is true only for younger users of Facebook. Older ones may be more mellow, and thus less begrudging of their friends’ successes, counterfeit or real. Maybe.
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